Whether you're drawn by its ancient mysteries, its landscapes, or the depth of its
myths and legends, Ireland's ancient, pre-Christian heritage, offers a journey back in time, where monuments older than the pyramids of Egypt stand as silent witnesses to millennia gone by.
The island's relatively untouched landscapes and well-preserved archaeological sites make Ireland a perfect place to explore and better understand the Neolithic and Bronze Age periods. The myths associated with these pre-Christian cultures, intertwined with Ireland's natural landmarks, add layers of meaning and mystery.
Ireland’s monuments are not the only aspects of ancient history that you’ll encounter. Many ancient
traditions and myths continue to survive and resonate today, or have become intertwined with Christian beliefs and celebrations. This is vividly exemplified through the pagan festival of Imbolc, marking the beginning of spring, and
St. Brigid's Day. Equally, the ancient Celtic festival of Samhain, which heralds the end of the harvest season and the onset of winter, continues to be echoed through the modern
celebration of Halloween.
What to visit?Newgrange (or Brú na Bóinne) stands as a jewel in the crown of Ireland's ancient monuments. This Neolithic passage tomb, older than Stonehenge and the Great Pyramids of Giza, is famed for its astronomical alignment during the winter solstice, when the rising sun illuminates its inner chamber in what is a breathtaking display. The surrounding
Boyne Valley, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is a treasure trove of prehistoric art, tombs, and monuments.
Once considered the ceremonial and spiritual heart of ancient Ireland,
the Hill of Tara holds a significant place in Irish history and myth. It is said to have been the seat of the High Kings of Ireland, a place of power and ceremony, where the ancient gods of Ireland walked among humans. The Lia Fáil (Stone of Destiny), atop the hill, is believed to roar when the rightful king of Ireland stands upon it.
The
Sliabh na Caillí, or Loughcrew Cairns, are a series of Neolithic passage tombs that are less known but no less fascinating than Newgrange. The cairns are adorned with megalithic art and align with the equinoxes, showing the ancient Irish's deep connection with the cosmos. Local legend speaks of a Witch, or Hag, who is said to have created the cairns as she leaped from hill to hill, dropping stones from her apron.
The unique karst landscape of
the Burren is not only a natural wonder but also home to numerous ancient sites, including the
Poulnabrone dolmen, a portal tomb dating back to the Neolithic period. The Burren's stark, otherworldly landscape is matched by legends of fairy folk and ancient battles, making it a must-visit for those interested in Ireland's pre-Christian heritage. It also served as
inspiration for J.R.R Tolkien’s Lord of the Rings world.
Located in County Sligo,
Carrowmore Megalithic Cemetery is one of the oldest and largest megalithic cemetery complexes in Ireland. The site consists of numerous passage tombs and is central to the mythology of the Tuatha Dé Danann, the pre-Christian gods of Ireland.
Looking to go further?Boa Island: This island, located amongst
Fermanagh’s lakelands is home to mysterious stone figures, including the Janus figure, which dates back to Celtic times. The sculptures are thought to represent ancient deities or ancestors.
Dún Aonghasa: Perched on the cliffs of Inishmore of the
Aran Islands, this ancient fort offers breathtaking views and a connection to Ireland's early history.
Ceide Fields: The oldest known field systems in the world, Ceide Fields reveal the sophisticated farming practices of Neolithic Ireland. This extensive landscape of stone walls is thought to date back over 6,000 years.
Giant’s Ring: A massive circular earthwork, the Giant's Ring in County Down, is believed to date back to the Neolithic period. Its central dolmen suggests it was a place of ritual significance, surrounded by a vast henge.
Mountsandel Wood: Located near Coleraine, Mountsandel is home to the earliest evidence of human settlement in Ireland, dating back to 7600-7900 BC. The site offers insights into the lives of Ireland's first settlers and their relationship with the natural environment.
Grianán of Aileach: A historic stone fort in County Donegal, believed to have been the seat of the Kingdom of Aileach. The fort's commanding views and strategic location highlight its importance in ancient Gaelic Ireland.
Hill of Uisneach: Located in County Westmeath, the Hill of Uisneach is often considered the ‘’navel’’ of Ireland. It's associated with various Irish deities and festivals, particularly Beltane, marking it as a site of significant cultural and spiritual importance.
What are some of the island’s ancient sites you’d recommend exploring? And what are some ancient myths and legends that have inspired you?